Random Knee Pain

The knee joint holds a majority of the body’s weight.  It is comprised of several different structures including bones, ligaments, tendons, cartilage, and bursa.  The bones that form the knee joint are the femur, tibia, fibula, and the patella.  Ligaments are dense fibrous bands that connect bone to bone.  In the knee joint, they connect the femur to the tibia.  There are four ligaments within the joint and they all help stabilize the knee.  Tendons are similar to ligaments but they connect muscles to bones.  The tendons in the knee are located on the front of the knee and help with straightening the knee.  The cartilaginous structures in the knee are called menisci.  They are located between the bones and form a cushion for the bones.  Lastly, bursa are fluid-filled sacs that also help cushion the knee.

As you can see there are many structures that make up the knee joint.  When one of them is out of place or not functioning correctly, the additional stress causes pain in the area.  This pain can affect daily living because the knee is a major weight bearing joint.  Here are some simple exercises to perform that can help relieve random knee pain. 

Flexibility helps decrease the risk of injury by lowering the stress placed on the knee.  The following stretches can help with knee pain.   Hold each for 10-30 seconds and repeat 3-4 times each leg.

1.     Hamstring Stretch: Lie on your back with one leg flat on the floor. Bend your other leg for support.  Loop a towel around your foot and pull your leg toward your chest keeping a slight bend at the knee. 

2.     Calf Stretch: Stand facing a wall, extend one leg straight behind you. Lean into the wall while keeping your heel on the ground. 

Strengthening the muscles around the joint protects you from injury by stabilizing the joint and decreasing the amount of stress on the knee.  Do each of these exercises 10-12 times, at least once a day.

1.     Straight Leg Raise:  Lay with one leg straight and one leg bent for support.  Slowly lift the straight leg 12 inches off the ground and lower it back down.  Repeat with the other leg.

2.     Leg Extensions: Sit on a chair with your feet resting on the ground.  Straighten one leg at the knee and slowly bring it back to the ground.  Repeat with each leg. 

3.    Side Leg Raise: Lie on your side with your legs straight and together.  Keeping your body straight, lift your top leg to shoulder height and slowly lower back to the starting position.  Repeat with the other leg.

4.     Step Ups: Using a staircase, step up with one foot, and then slowly lower back to the ground.  As you step up your knee should be directly over your ankle.  Repeat with the other leg.

5.     Mini Squat: Stand with feet hip width apart and with toes pointed forward.  Bend slightly at the knees only lowering a few inches.  Then return to standing position.  Make sure your knees stay behind your toes.

6.     Low impact activities like biking, swimming, and water aerobics are a good option because they put less stress on the joint.

Shoulder Injuries and Prevention Strategies

Shoulder injuries are becoming some of the most prevalent injuries not only in adults, but in kids as well.  Too many kids are throwing too much too early.  Baseball, basketball, discus, and shot put are among the activities with the highest rates of shoulder injuries.  The slightest shoulder pain can turn into a very serious injury if left untreated. 

The rotator cuff is made up of four muscles that stabilize the shoulder joint.  A strong twisting motion can cause one of these muscles to tear. 

The labrum is a ring of cartilage that surrounds the joint.  It can also tear with a strong contraction of the biceps. 

Shoulder instability occurs when the ligaments securing the shoulder joint stretch from overuse or even poor posture, and cause unsteadiness while throwing. 

Tendonitis in the shoulder is another overuse dysfunction.  This occurs gradually, starting with a small pain when lifting the arm. 

All of these injuries listed can be prevented.  Everyone is susceptible to shoulder injuries.  The proper order to train your body is range of motion, stability, strength, and then sports specific movements.

• ·      A planned out warm up will properly prepare the muscles, tendons, and joints required for the exercise.  With throwing activities, start with dynamic movements first, for example shrugs or circles.  Next do flexibility enhancing stretches if needed to continue the warm up.  Once you start throwing, focus on technique for your first few throws rather then going all out right away. 
• ·      Similarly a cool down is an important aspect when it comes to prevention of injury.  Stretch after you throw as well.  This is key because it helps maintain a healthy range of motion.  A lack of flexibility can make you change the way you throw to compensate.  This causes you to use improper mechanics while throwing which greatly increases your risk of injury.
• ·      Strengthen all of the muscles around the joint.  It is important to strengthen each individual muscle and the entire shoulder as a whole. 
• ·      Communicate with your coach about any pain you are having.  If caught early, shoulder pain is very treatable.  If you are experiencing a lot of pain it may be better for the long run if you take a day off rather then fighting through it. 
• ·      With younger athletes, it is the coach’s job to plan practices that don’t overwork the kids.  They must make sure the amount and types of throws are age appropriate.
• ·      Take time off to rest the shoulder.  Throwing everyday is an easy way to hurt yourself.  Overuse starts at an early age so even kids need to be careful and take these strategies seriously, even if there is no pain yet.

The Thrower’s Ten program is designed to exercise the major muscles necessary for throwing.  The Program’s goal is to be an organized and concise exercise program.  In addition, all exercises included are specific to the thrower and are designed to improve strength, power, and endurance of the shoulder complex musculature. 

Agape offers an Access Care Model that provides you with a chance to be assessed by a physical therapist.  During this assessment you will be provided with an evaluation including several tests to tell you any weaknesses you may have and a plan of care to prevent those weaknesses from becoming injuries. 

For more information about the Thrower’s Ten or the Access Care Model, email agape@agapetherapy.com or call 319-277-3166.

Yoga as exercise or alternative medicine is a modern phenomenon which has been influenced by the ancient Indian practice of Yoga. It involves holding stretches as a kind of low-impact physical exercise, and is often used for therapeutic purposes. Yoga in this sense often occurs in a class and may involve meditation, imagery, breath work and music.

Both the meditative and the exercise components of yoga have been researched for both specific and non-specific health benefits. Yoga has been studied as an intervention for many conditions, including back pain, stress, and depression. In general, it can help improve quality of life, but does not treat disease.

Additional benefits of yoga include the following:

1. Lowers stress and improves mood
2. Boosts confidence
3. Lowers the risk of exercise injury
4. Increases flexibility 
5. Improves muscle tone and strength
6. Improves posture

Contact Agape Therapy’s wellness specialist, Sarah Paustian, at spaustian@agapetherapy.com or 319-277-3166 if interested in taking yoga in the Cedar Valley.

Functional Movement Screen

FMS is an acronym for the Functional Movement Screen, which is a ranking and grading system that documents movement patterns and helps with normal function. Functional limitations and asymmetries are identified through these screening patterns, and these issues may decrease the effects of functional training or physical conditioning and alter body awareness. A score is generated from this screening, which helps to identify problems and track progress while helping to restore proper movement patterns.

The FMS simplifies the concept of movement and its impact on the body. Its system benefits everyone involved - individuals, exercise professionals, and physicians. Simple language is utilized, making it easy for individuals, exercise professionals, and physicians to communicate clearly about progress and treatment. The screen effortlessly identifies asymmetries and limitations, which diminishes the need for extensive testing and analysis. Standardization is a high priority as the FMS creates a functional baseline to mark progress and provides a means to measure performance. The FMS also quickly identifies dangerous movement patterns so that they can be addressed. It also indicates an individual’s readiness to perform exercise so that realistic goals can be set and achieved. Applied at any fitness level, simple corrective strategies of a wide array of movement issues are used to help individuals perform specific exercises based on their scores.